Analysis by: Patrick Noel Collado

ALIASES:

Win64/Filecoder.CI trojan (Nod32), Trojan-Ransom.FileCrypter (Ikarus)

 PLATFORM:

Windows

 OVERALL RISK RATING:
 DAMAGE POTENTIAL:
 DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL:
 REPORTED INFECTION:
 INFORMATION EXPOSURE:

  • Threat Type: Ransomware

  • Destructiveness: No

  • Encrypted:

  • In the wild: Yes

  OVERVIEW

Infection Channel: Downloaded from the Internet

This Ransomware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

It executes then deletes itself afterward.

It drops files as ransom note. It avoids encrypting files with the following file extensions.

  TECHNICAL DETAILS

File Size: 48,640 bytes
File Type: DLL
Memory Resident: Yes
Payload: Displays message/message boxes, Encrypts files, Disables services

Arrival Details

This Ransomware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

Installation

This Ransomware drops the following files:

  • %User Temp%\{random 8 characters}.bat
  • {Malware Path\Malware Name}.dll.log - log file where core count, total memory, OS Information, username, commandline, encrypted files, and malware sample's performance statistics are listed

(Note: %User Temp% is the current user's Temp folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Temp on Windows 2000(32-bit), XP, and Server 2003(32-bit), or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Local\Temp on Windows Vista, 7, 8, 8.1, 2008(64-bit), 2012(64-bit) and 10(64-bit).)

It adds the following processes:

  • cmd /c ""%User Temp%\ {random 8 characters}.bat" "{Malware Path}\{Malware Name}.dll""

(Note: %User Temp% is the current user's Temp folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Temp on Windows 2000(32-bit), XP, and Server 2003(32-bit), or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Local\Temp on Windows Vista, 7, 8, 8.1, 2008(64-bit), 2012(64-bit) and 10(64-bit).)

It executes then deletes itself afterward.

It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:

  • {32 Hex Characters generated from Volume Serial ID}

Other System Modifications

This Ransomware adds the following registry entries as part of its installation routine:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\
.{Generated ID}\shell\Open
(Default) = explorer.exe RecoveryManual.html

Process Termination

This Ransomware terminates the following services if found on the affected system:

  • database
  • msexchange

It terminates the following processes if found running in the affected system's memory:

  • msftesql.exe
  • sqlagent.exe
  • sqlbrowser.exe
  • sqlwriter.exe
  • oracle.exe
  • ocssd.exe
  • dbsnmp.exe
  • synctime.exe
  • agntsvc.exe
  • isqlplussvc.exe
  • xfssvccon.exe
  • sqlservr.exe
  • mydesktopservice.exe
  • ocautoupds.exe
  • encsvc.exe
  • firefoxconfig.exe
  • tbirdconfig.exe
  • mydesktopqos.exe
  • ocomm.exe
  • mysqld.exe
  • mysqld-nt.exe
  • mysqld-opt.exe
  • dbeng50.exe
  • sqbcoreservice.exe
  • excel.exe
  • infopath.exe
  • msaccess.exe
  • mspub.exe
  • onenote.exe
  • outlook.exe
  • powerpnt.exe
  • thebat.exe
  • steam.exe
  • thebat64.exe
  • thunderbird.exe
  • visio.exe
  • winword.exe
  • wordpad.exe
  • QBW32.exe
  • QBW64.exe
  • ipython.exe
  • wpython.exe
  • python.exe
  • dumpcap.exe
  • procmon.exe
  • procmon64.exe
  • procexp.exe
  • procexp64.exe

Information Theft

This Ransomware accepts the following parameters:

  • /console - displays the following console window
  • /nolog - disable the creation of the log file in the malware directory
  • /scan: - specifies what drive type to encrypt
  • /marker:{filename} - drops file in infected drive that serves as an infection marker
  • /fullpd - encrypts %ProgramData%
  • /nodel - disables self deletion after execution
  • /nokill - disable process termination
  • /fast:{value} - specifies which bytes to encrypt for faster file encryption
  • /onlypath /path:{path} - only encrypts a specific path

Ransomware Routine

This Ransomware avoids encrypting files with the following strings in their file name:

  • RecoveryManual.html
  • ReadManual.{Generated ID}

It avoids encrypting files with the following strings in their file path:

  • \WindowsApps\
  • \Microsoft\Windows\
  • \Roaming\Microsoft\
  • \Local\Microsoft\
  • \LocalLow\Microsoft\
  • \Local\Packages\
  • \Windows Defender\
  • \microsoft shared\
  • \Google\Chrome\
  • \Mozilla Firefox\
  • \Mozilla\Firefox\
  • \Internet Explorer\
  • \MicrosoftEdge\
  • \Tor Browser\
  • \AppData\Local\Temp\

It avoids encrypting files found in the following folders:

  • {Drive Letter}:\Windows\
  • {Drive Letter}:\System Volume Information\
  • {Drive Letter}:\$RECYCLE.BIN\
  • {Drive Letter}:\SYSTEM.SAV
  • {Drive Letter}:\WINNT
  • {Drive Letter}:\$WINDOWS.~BT\
  • {Drive Letter}:\Windows.old\
  • {Drive Letter}:\PerfLog\
  • {Drive Letter}:\Boot
  • {Drive Letter}:\ProgramData\Packages\
  • {Drive Letter}:\ProgramData\Microsoft\

It appends the following extension to the file name of the encrypted files:

  • .ReadManual.{Generated ID}

It drops the following file(s) as ransom note:

  • {Encrypted Folder}\RecoveryManual.html

It avoids encrypting files with the following file extensions:

  • exe
  • dll
  • sys
  • msi
  • mui
  • inf
  • cat
  • bat
  • cmd
  • ps1
  • vbs
  • ttf
  • fon
  • lnk

  SOLUTION

Minimum Scan Engine: 9.800
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN FILE: 16.614.04
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN DATE: 23 Mar 2021
VSAPI OPR PATTERN File: 16.615.00
VSAPI OPR PATTERN Date: 24 Mar 2021

Step 1

Trend Micro Predictive Machine Learning detects and blocks malware at the first sign of its existence, before it executes on your system. When enabled, your Trend Micro product detects this malware under the following machine learning name:

     Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF042

Step 2

Before doing any scans, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows 10 users must disable System Restore to allow full scanning of their computers.

Step 3

Note that not all files, folders, and registry keys and entries are installed on your computer during this malware's/spyware's/grayware's execution. This may be due to incomplete installation or other operating system conditions. If you do not find the same files/folders/registry information, please proceed to the next step.

Step 4

Identify and terminate files detected as Ransom.Win64.ASTROLOCKER.THCBDBA

[ Learn More ]
  1. Windows Task Manager may not display all running processes. In this case, please use a third-party process viewer, preferably Process Explorer, to terminate the malware/grayware/spyware file. You may download the said tool here.
  2. If the detected file is displayed in either Windows Task Manager or Process Explorer but you cannot delete it, restart your computer in safe mode. To do this, refer to this link for the complete steps.
  3. If the detected file is not displayed in either Windows Task Manager or Process Explorer, continue doing the next steps.

Step 5

Delete this registry value

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\.{Generated ID}\shell\Open
    • (Default) = explorer.exe RecoveryManual.html

Step 6

Search and delete this file

[ Learn More ]
There may be some files that are hidden. Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the "More advanced options" option to include all hidden files and folders in the search result.
%User Temp%\{random 8 characters}.bat
{Malware Path\Malware Name}.dll.log
{Encrypted Folder}\RecoveryManual.html 

Step 7

Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product to delete files detected as Ransom.Win64.ASTROLOCKER.THCBDBA. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check the following Trend Micro Support pages for more information:

Step 8

Restore encrypted files from backup.


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