TSPY_AGENT.AKEO


 ALIASES:

VirTool:WinNT/Rootkitdrv.DJ (Microsoft); Generic PWS.y (McAfee); Trojan.Zlob (Symantec); PAK:PE_Patch.PECompact, PAK:PecBundle, PAK:PECompact, Trojan-PSW.Win32.Agent.knc (Kaspersky); Trojan-PSW.Win32.Agent.knc (fs) (Sunbelt); Trojan.Zlob.36016 (FSecure)

 PLATFORM:

Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003

 OVERALL RISK RATING:
 REPORTED INFECTION:
 SYSTEM IMPACT RATING:
 INFORMATION EXPOSURE:

  • Threat Type: Spyware

  • Destructiveness: No

  • Encrypted:

  • In the wild: Yes

  OVERVIEW


This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

  TECHNICAL DETAILS

File Size:

182,784 bytes

File Type:

EXE

Memory Resident:

Yes

Initial Samples Received Date:

26 Oct 2012

Arrival Details

This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

Installation

This spyware creates the following folders:

  • %System%\webmin

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System on Windows 98 and ME, C:\WINNT\System32 on Windows NT and 2000, or C:\Windows\System32 on Windows XP and Server 2003.)

Autostart Technique

This spyware adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices
Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce
Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

It registers itself as a BHO to ensure its automatic execution every time Internet Explorer is used by adding the following registry keys:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Browser Helper Objects\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}

Other System Modifications

This spyware deletes the following files:

  • %System%\bootcats.sys

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System on Windows 98 and ME, C:\WINNT\System32 on Windows NT and 2000, or C:\Windows\System32 on Windows XP and Server 2003.)

It adds the following registry keys:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\
windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\
Connections

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\{A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\vmmreg32.DLL

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\IEBHO.myiebho.1

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
IEBHO.myiebho.1\CLSID

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\IEBHO.myiebho

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
IEBHO.myiebho\CLSID

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
IEBHO.myiebho\CurVer

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\ProgID

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\VersionIndependentProgID

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\Programmable

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\InprocServer32

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\TypeLib

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0\
FLAGS

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0\
0

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0\
0\win32

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0\
HELPDIR

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}\ProxyStubClsid

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}\ProxyStubClsid32

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}\TypeLib

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\
Explorer\Run

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Internet Explorer\SearchScopes

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\
Settings\{18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}

It adds the following registry entries:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\
Connections
WinHttpSettings = "{random values}"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\vmmreg32.DLL
AppID = "{A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Browser Helper Objects\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
NoExplorer = "1"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\InprocServer32
ThreadingModel = "Apartment"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
AppID = "{A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}\TypeLib
Version = "1.0"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\
Explorer\Run
1 = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
load = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
run = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\
Settings\{18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}
Flags = "1"

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\
Settings\{18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}
Version = "*"

It modifies the following registry entries:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
AppInit_Dlls = "%System%\vmmreg32.dll"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
User Shell Folders
Common Startup = "%System%\webmin"

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is {random values}.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
User Shell Folders
Startup = "%System%\webmin"

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is {random values}.)

Dropping Routine

This spyware drops the following files:

  • %System%\vmmreg32.dll
  • %System%\webmin\vmmreg32.bkp
  • %System%\VIDEO.sys
  • bootcats.sys
  • tmp.zip
  • %System%\webmin\VIDEO.bkp

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System on Windows 98 and ME, C:\WINNT\System32 on Windows NT and 2000, or C:\Windows\System32 on Windows XP and Server 2003.)

This report is generated via an automated analysis system.

  SOLUTION

Minimum Scan Engine:

9.300

Step 1

For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users, before doing any scans, please make sure you disable System Restore to allow full scanning of your computer.

Step 2

Restart in Safe Mode

[ Learn More ]

Step 3

Close all opened browser windows

Step 4

Delete this registry key

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings
    • Connections
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID
    • {A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID
    • vmmreg32.DLL
  • In HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
    • IEBHO.myiebho.1
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\IEBHO.myiebho.1
    • CLSID
  • In HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
    • IEBHO.myiebho
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\IEBHO.myiebho
    • CLSID
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\IEBHO.myiebho
    • CurVer
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID
    • {7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • ProgID
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • VersionIndependentProgID
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • Programmable
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • InprocServer32
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • TypeLib
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib
    • {E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}
    • 1.0
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0
    • FLAGS
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0
    • 0
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0\0
    • win32
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{E1451945-AE2E-C356-B18F-6FDD0B100081}\1.0
    • HELPDIR
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface
    • {403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}
    • ProxyStubClsid
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}
    • ProxyStubClsid32
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}
    • TypeLib
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
    • RunServices
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
    • RunServicesOnce
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
    • RunOnce
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Explorer
    • Run
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer
    • SearchScopes
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Settings
    • {18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}

Step 5

Delete this registry value

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices
    • Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce
    • Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
    • Windows Help Service = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Connections
    • WinHttpSettings = "{random values}"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID\vmmreg32.DLL
    • AppID = "{A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Browser Helper Objects\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • NoExplorer = "1"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}\InprocServer32
    • ThreadingModel = "Apartment"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{7C6E1044-DBF1-EDB3-57BB-D40A130EA5BD}
    • AppID = "{A7DD26FD-C8E3-4FC3-EFC1-A22A105C1407}"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{403538F6-2E9B-8125-6803-A744610BC3AC}\TypeLib
    • Version = "1.0"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Explorer\Run
    • 1 = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
    • load = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
    • run = "%System%\winhelp32.exe"
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Settings\{18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}
    • Flags = "1"
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Settings\{18DF081C-E8AD-4283-A596-FA578C2EBDC3}
    • Version = "*"

Step 6

Restore this modified registry value

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows
    • AppInit_Dlls = "%System%\vmmreg32.dll"
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders
    • From: Common Startup = "%System%\webmin"
      To: Common Startup = ""{random values}""
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders
    • From: Startup = "%System%\webmin"
      To: Startup = ""{random values}""

Step 7

Search and delete these files

[ Learn More ]
There may be some component files that are hidden. Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the "More advanced options" option to include all hidden files and folders in the search result.
  • %System%\vmmreg32.dll
  • %System%\webmin\vmmreg32.bkp
  • %System%\VIDEO.sys
  • bootcats.sys
  • tmp.zip
  • %System%\webmin\VIDEO.bkp

Step 8

Search and delete this folder

[ Learn More ]
Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the More advanced options option to include all hidden folders in the search result.
  • %System%\webmin

Step 9

Restart in normal mode and scan your computer with your Trend Micro product for files detected as TSPY_AGENT.AKEO. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.

Step 10

Restore this file from backup only Microsoft-related files will be restored. If this malware/grayware also deleted files related to programs that are not from Microsoft, please reinstall those programs on you computer again.

  • %System%\bootcats.sys


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