TrojanSpy.Win32.QBOT.CFH

This Trojan arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

It connects to certain websites to send and receive information. It terminates itself if it detects it is being run in a virtual environment. It deletes itself after execution.

Arrival Details

This Trojan arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

Installation

This Trojan drops the following copies of itself into the affected system and executes them:

• %Application Data%\Microsoft\{random folder name}\{random file name}.exe

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003, or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista, 7, and 8.)

It adds the following processes:

• {malware path and file name} /c
• cmd.exe /c ping.exe -n 6 127.0.0.1 & type %system%\calc.exe {malware path and file name}
• %System%\PING.EXE ping.exe -n 6 127.0.0.1

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, where it usually is C:\Windows\System32 on all Windows operating system versions.)

It creates the following folders:

• %Application Data%\Microsoft\{random folder name}

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003, or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista, 7, and 8.)

Autostart Technique

This Trojan adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
{random name} = %Application Data%\Microsoft\{random folder name}\{random file name}.exe

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
{random name} = %Application Data%\Microsoft\{random folder name}\{random file name}.exe

Information Theft

This Trojan monitors the Internet Explorer (IE) activities of the affected system, specifically the address bar or title bar. It recreates a legitimate website with a spoofed login page if a user visits banking sites with the following strings in the address bar or title bar:

• .hsbcnet.com
• .ntrs.com
• .web-access.com
• .webcashmgmt.com
• /achupload
• /cashman/
• /cashplus/
• /clkccm/
• /cmserver/
• /corpach/
• /ibws/
• /payments/ach
• /payments/ach
• /stbcorp/
• /wcmpr/
• /wcmpw/
• /wcmtr/
• /wires/
• /wiret
• access.jpmorgan.com
• accessmoneymanager.com
• accessonline.abnamro.com
• achbatchlisting
• bankeft.com
• blilk.com
• businessaccess.citibank.citigroup.com
• businessbankingcenter.synovus.com
• business-eb.ibanking-services.com
• business-eb.ibanking-services.com
• businessinternetbanking.synovus.com
• businessonline.huntington.com
• businessonline.tdbank.com
• cashmanageronline.bbt.com
• cashproonline.bankofamerica.com
• cashproonline.bankofamerica.com
• cbs.firstcitizensonline.com
• chsec.wellsfargo.com
• cmol.bbt.com
• cmoltp.bbt.com
• commerceconnections.commercebank.com
• commercial.bnc.ca
• commercial.wachovia.com
• commercial2.wachovia.com
• commercial3.wachovia.com
• commercial4.wachovia.com
• corporatebanking
• cpw-achweb.bankofamerica.com
• ctm.53.com
• directline4biz.com
• directpay.wellsfargo.com
• each.bremer.com
• ebanking-services.com
• ecash.arvest.com
• e-facts.org
• e-moneyger.com
• express.53.com
• firstmeritib.com
• firstmeritib.com/defaultcorp.aspx
• goldleafach.com
• iachwellsprod.wellsfargo.com
• ibc.klikbca.com
• intellix.capitalonebank.com
• iris.sovereignbank.com
• itreasury.regions.com
• itreasurypr.regions.com
• jsp/mainWeb.jsp
• ktt.key.com
• moneymanagergps.com
• netconnect.bokf.com
• nj00-wcm
• ocm.suntrust.com
• olb-ebanking.com
• onlineserv/CM
• otm.suntrust.com
• paylinks.cunet.org
• paylinks.cunet.org
• premierview.membersunited.org
• premierview.membersunited.org
• providentnjolb.com
• schwabinstitutional.com
• scotiaconnect.scotiabank.com
• securentrycorp.amegybank.com
• securentrycorp.zionsbank.com
• singlepoint.usbank.com
• svbconnect.com
• tcfexpressbusiness.com
• tdcommercialbanking.com
• tdetreasury.tdbank.com
• tmcb.amegybank.com
• tmcb.zionsbank.com
• tmconnectweb
• treas-mgt.frostbank.com
• treasury.pncbank.com
• trz.tranzact.org
• trz.tranzact.org
• tssportal.jpmorgan.com
• wc.wachovia.com
• wcp.wachovia.com
• web-cashplus.com
• webexpress.tdbank.com
• webinfoplus.mandtbank.com
• wellsoffice.wellsfargo.com

The spoofed login overlaps the legitimate login area of the website, thus tricking the user into thinking that it is part of the IE window. The spoofed login page is located in a fixed area of the legitimate website. The said routine tricks the user into giving out sensitive account-related information. It then logs keystrokes entered by the user in the user name and password fields of the spoofed login page.

It gathers the following data:

• Browser cookies
• Flash cookies
• FTP, POP3, IMAP, SMTP, HTTPMail, NNTP Passwords
• GeoIP locations
• Internet sessions
• Login credentials for certain websites
• Network information
• Outlook login credentials
• Private keys from system certificates
• System information
• dnsname
• domain
• exe
• ext_ip
• hostname
• install_time
• is_admin
• os
• qbot_version
• user

Other Details

This Trojan connects to the following URL(s) to check for an Internet connection:

• baidu.com
• cnn.com
• facebook.com
• linkedin.com
• mail.ru
• microsoft.com
• qq.com
• wikipedia.org
• yahoo.com

It connects to the following website to send and receive information:

• b{BLOCKED}.ci

It terminates itself if it detects it is being run in a virtual environment.

It does the following:

• It monitors browser activities from the affected machines for websites containing the following strings:
  • .5min.com
  • .adworldmedia.com
  • .amazonaws.com
  • .bing.com
  • .gator.com
  • .hiro.tv
  • .king.com
  • .microsoft.com
  • .mozilla.com
  • .mozilla.org
  • .twimg.com
  • 127.0.0.1
  • 180solutions.com
  • api.skype.com
  • audatexsolutions.com
  • auditude.com
  • brightcove.com
  • clients.mindbodyonline.com
  • conduit-services.com
  • contacts.msn.com
  • digitalmediacommunications.com
  • doubleclick.
  • eorezo.com
  • etsy.com
  • facebook.com
  • farmville.com
  • fwmrm.net
  • geo.query.yahoo.com
  • googleusercontent.com
  • hotbar.com
  • internet-optimizer.com
  • kixeye.com
  • localhost
  • loyaltyconnect.ihg.com
  • lphbs.com
  • mail.google.com
  • mail.services.live.com
  • mapquest.com
  • mendeley.com
  • messenger.live.com
  • mochibot.com
  • mybrowserbar.com
  • myshopres.com
  • netflix.com
  • newasp.com.cn
  • officeapps.live.com
  • owlforce.com
  • phantomefx.com
  • playtoga.com
  • r777r.info
  • radialpoint.com
  • safebrowsing.google.com
  • salesforce.com
  • search.msn.com
  • securestudies.com
  • seekmo.com
  • sipuku.com
  • spamblockerutility.com
  • storage.live.com
  • tbreport.bellsouth.net
  • tubemogul.com
  • webhancer.com
  • wildtangent.com
  • wpzkq.com
  • yahoo.com
  • youtube.com
  • zango.com
  • zynga.com
• It checks its filename if it contains the following strings:
  • sample
  • mlwr_smpl
  • artifact.exe
• Terminates browser if the following strings are present:
  • siteadvisor.com
  • avgthreatlabs.com
  • safeweb.norton.com
• It checks for the following AVs:
  • norton
  • AVG
  • mcafee
  • kaspersky
  • NOD32
  • Bitdefender
  • Avast
  • Trend Micro
  • Microsoft Security Essentials

It deletes itself after execution.

It terminates itself if any of the following file(s) are present:

• ChromeUpdate.exe
• ctfmon.exe
• dbgview.exe
• Microsoft.Notes.exe
• msdev.exe
• nav.exe
• ollydbg.exe
• Proxifier.exe
• ShellExperienceHost.exe
• windbg.exe

It checks if the following virtual machine or sandbox related module(s) is loaded in the affected system:

• aswhookx.dll
• avcuf32.dll
• CWSandbox
• dbghelp.dll
• fshook32.dll
• metsvc-server.exe
• QEMU
• RedHat
• SbieDll.dll
• SCSI
• sf2.dll (Avst)
• SVGA
• VBoxGuest
• VBoxService.exe
• VBoxTray.exe
• VirtIO
• Virtual HD
• VirtualBox
• VirtualProtect
• vm3dmp
• vmacthlp.exe
• VMaudio
• vmdebug
• vmrawdsk
• vmtoolsd.exe
• VMware
• vmx_svga
• vmxnet
• windump.exe

It checks for the presence of the following antivirus and security applications:

• AvastSvc.exe
• avgcsrva.exe
• avgcsrvx.exe
• avgsvcx.exe
• avp.exe
• bdagent.exe
• ByteFence.exe
• ccSvcHst.exe
• cmdagent.exe
• coreServiceShell.exe
• egui.exe
• ekrn.exe
• fhoster32.exe
• fmon.exe
• isesrv.exe
• MBAMService.exe
• mcshield.exe
• MsMpEng.exe
• NTRTScan.exe
• PccNTMon.exe
• SAVAdminService.exe
• SavService.exe
• vkise.exe
• vsserv.exe
• vsservppl.exe
• WRSA.exe