TSPY_ZBOT.BEZ

This spyware attempts to steal sensitive online banking information, such as user names and passwords. This routine risks the exposure of the user's account information, which may then lead to the unauthorized use of the stolen data. Once users access any of the monitored sites, it starts logging keystrokes. It attempts to steal information, such as user names and passwords, used when logging into certain banking or finance-related websites.

It attempts to get information from a list of banks or financial institutions.

It checks for the presence of the following processes which are related to Outpost Personal Firewall and ZoneLabs Firewall Client:

• outpost.exe
• zlclient.exe

It terminates if either of the said processes exist. This is to ensure that it runs uninterrupted. It also has rootkit capabilities, which enables it to hide its processes and files from the user.

Infection Points

This spyware arrives as a file downloaded from the following URLs:

• http://www.{BLOCKED}lc.com/{BLOCKED}ance/k0nyara.exe

Installation

This spyware drops copies of itself in the Windows system folder and appends garbage code to the dropped copy to avoid easy detection. The dropped copies uses the following file names:

• sdra64.exe

It drops the following non-malicious files:

• %System%\lowsec\local.ds - copy of the encrypted downloaded file
• %System%\lowsec\user.ds - used to save the gathered information

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System32.)

It creates the following folders with attributes set to System and Hidden to prevent users from discovering and removing its components:

• %System%\lowsec

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System32.)

It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:

• _AVIRA_2108
• _AVIRA_2109

It injects itself into the following processes as part of its memory residency routine:

• SVCHOST.EXE
• WINLOGON.EXE

Autostart Technique

This spyware modifies the following registry entry(ies) to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon
Userinit = %System%\userinit.exe, %System%\sdra64.exe,

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is %System%\userinit.exe,.)

Other System Modifications

This spyware also creates the following registry entry(ies) as part of its installation routine:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Network
UID = {Computer name}_{Random numbers}

It creates the following registry entry(ies) to bypass Windows Firewall:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\
FirewallPolicy\StandardProfile
EnableFirewall = "0"

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is .)

Information Theft

This spyware attempts to steal sensitive online banking information, such as user names and passwords. This routine risks the exposure of the user's account information, which may then lead to the unauthorized use of the stolen data.

It accesses the following site to download its configuration file:

• http://www.{BLOCKED}lc.com/zebradance/mpj.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}erveadv.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}gera.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}orooo.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}cco.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}sayme.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}enter-ooo.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}ctsys.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}rver01.ru/mp/cfg.bin
• http://{BLOCKED}isticsadv.ru/mp/cfg.bin

Once users access any of the monitored sites, it starts logging keystrokes.

It attempts to access a website to download a file which contains information where the Trojan can download an updated copy of itself, and where to send its stolen data. This configuration file also contains the following list of targeted bank-related websites from which it steals information:

• *.hsbc.co.uk/1/2/*idv.CustomerMigration
• *banking.firstdirect.com/*
• *ibank.barclays.co.uk*
• *npbs.co.uk*
• *online-business.lloydstsb.co.uk*
• *online.lloydstsb.co.uk*
• *usaa.com*
• https://*.banking.first-direct.com/1/2/balances*
• https://*.bankofamerica.com/*/CustomerServiceMenuEntryPoint?custAction=5
• https://*.bankofamerica.com/*/GotoWelcome
• https://*.bankofamerica.com/*/SplashPageControl
• https://*netteller.com/*/AccountListing.aspx
• https://database.acornmediauk.com/*
• https://home.cbonline.co.uk/ralu/loginmgr/*
• https://home.ybonline.co.uk/ralu/loginmgr/*
• https://login.fidelity.com/*
• https://myaccountsaws.navyfcu.org/nfoaa/accounts/summary
• https://olb2.nationet.com*
• https://online*.bankofamerica.com/cgi-bin/*GotoWelcome*
• https://online-business.lloydstsb.co.uk/customer.ibc
• https://online.bbandt.com/*servlet/efs*
• https://online.citibank.com/*
• https://online.lloydstsb.co.uk/miheld.ibc
• https://onlineeast#.bankofamerica.com/cgi-bin/ias/*
• https://onlineeast#.bankofamerica.com/cgi-bin/ias/*/GotoWelcome

The downloaded file contains information where the malware can download an updated copy of itself, and where to send its stolen data.

Note that the contents of the file, hence the list of websites to monitor, may change any time.

It attempts to steal information from the following banks and/or other financial institutions:

• Bank of America
• Barclays
• Citibank
• Clydesdale
• First Direct
• HSBC
• Lloyds
• Nationwide
• Navy Federal Credit Union
• USAA
• Yorkshire

Attacked Entities

This spyware attempts to get information from a list of banks or financial institutions.

Stolen Information

This spyware saves the stolen information in the following file:

• %System%\lowsec\user.ds

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, which is usually C:\Windows\System32.)

It sends the gathered information via HTTP POST to the following URL:

• http://www.{BLOCKED}lc.com/{BLOCKED}ance/gAmLest0ntt.php

Other Details

This spyware checks for the presence of the following processes which are related to Outpost Personal Firewall and ZoneLabs Firewall Client:

• outpost.exe
• zlclient.exe

It terminates if either of the said processes exist. This is to ensure that it runs uninterrupted. It also has rootkit capabilities, which enables it to hide its processes and files from the user.

It did not exhibit backdoor routines during testing.

Variant Information

This spyware has the following MD5 hashes:

• 37b602877646a89125751a5e58e3066c

It has the following SHA1 hashes:

• 040f77fae3f8386f62327c37df5cb8211ea1079d