Analysis by: Kathleen Notario
ALIASES:

PWS:Win32/Zbot.gen!AF (Microsoft); Trojan-Dropper.Win32.Injector.eafe (Kaspersky); Mal/Cleaman-G (Sophos)

 PLATFORM:

Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003

 OVERALL RISK RATING:
 REPORTED INFECTION:
 SYSTEM IMPACT RATING:
 INFORMATION EXPOSURE:

  • Threat Type: Spyware

  • Destructiveness: No

  • Encrypted: Yes

  • In the wild: Yes

  OVERVIEW

Infection Channel: Dropped by other malware, Downloaded from the Internet

This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

It deletes the initially executed copy of itself.

  TECHNICAL DETAILS

File Size: 318,504 bytes
File Type: EXE
Memory Resident: Yes
Initial Samples Received Date: 02 Apr 2012
Payload: Downloads files

Arrival Details

This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

Installation

This spyware drops the following files:

  • %Application Data%\{random1}\{random}.exe - copy of itself
  • %Application Data%\{random2}\{random}.{random} - encrypted file

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Windows\Profiles\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 98 and ME, C:\WINNT\Profiles\{user name}\Application Data on Windows NT, and C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003.)

It creates the following folders:

  • %Application Data%\{random letters 1}
  • %Application Data%\{random letters 2}

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Windows\Profiles\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 98 and ME, C:\WINNT\Profiles\{user name}\Application Data on Windows NT, and C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003.)

Autostart Technique

This spyware adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
{GUID} = '%Application Data%\{random letters 1}\{random letters}.exe"

Other System Modifications

This spyware adds the following registry keys as part of its installation routine:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
{random letters}

Other Details

This spyware deletes the initially executed copy of itself

NOTES:

It connects to the following IP addresses using varying UDP ports to possibly download its configuration file:

  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.172.198
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.212.34
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.112.236
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.207.46
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.17.17
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.85.198
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.246.13
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.86.219
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.210.159
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.56.53
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.153.125
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.151.102
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.36.68
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.128.43
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.10.81
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.137.10
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.131.114
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.131.151
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.205.70
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.234.25
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.64.177
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.68.51
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.7.252
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.8.241
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.34.49
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.145.98
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.184.55
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.80.145
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.78.101
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.15.31
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.23.254
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.28.205
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.122.114
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.101.71
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.230.53
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.64.54
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.194.235
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.153.17
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.15.151
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.128.83
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.36.190
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.185.131
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.26.143
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.199.117
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.4.36
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.157.61
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.195.22
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.40.100
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.116.209
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.130.197
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.12.40
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.216.87
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.60.60
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.129.94
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.121.93
  • {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.137.251

  SOLUTION

Minimum Scan Engine: 9.200
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN FILE: 8.886.09
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN DATE: 05 Apr 2012
VSAPI OPR PATTERN File: 8.887.00
VSAPI OPR PATTERN Date: 05 Apr 2012

Step 1

For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users, before doing any scans, please make sure you disable System Restore to allow full scanning of your computer.

Step 2

Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product and note files detected as TSPY_ZBOT.AADR

Step 3

Restart in Safe Mode

[ Learn More ]

Step 4

Delete this registry value

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • {GUID} = '%Application Data%\{random letters 1}\{random letters}.exe"

Step 5

Delete this registry key

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry. Before you could do this, you must restart in Safe Mode. For instructions on how to do this, you may refer to this page If the preceding step requires you to restart in safe mode, you may proceed to edit the system registry.

  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft
    • {random letters}

Step 6

Search and delete these folders

[ Learn More ]
Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the More advanced options option to include all hidden folders in the search result.  
  • %Application Data%\{random letters 1}
  • %Application Data%\{random letters 2}

Step 7

Restart in normal mode and scan your computer with your Trend Micro product for files detected as TSPY_ZBOT.AADR. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.


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