BKDR_VB.AZI
W32/Refroso.ATR!tr (Fortinet)
Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003

Threat Type: Backdoor
Destructiveness: No
Encrypted: Yes
In the wild: Yes
OVERVIEW
This backdoor has certain capabilities.
This backdoor arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
It connects to Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers. It executes commands from a remote malicious user, effectively compromising the affected system.
TECHNICAL DETAILS
85,632 bytes
Yes
30 Sep 2011
Terminates processes, Downloads files
Arrival Details
This backdoor arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
Installation
This backdoor drops the following copies of itself into the affected system:
- %User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe
(Note: %User Temp% is the current user's Temp folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Temp on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003.)
It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:
- ASKDhf2y928SDHasl
It is injected into the following processes running in memory:
- csrss.exe
Autostart Technique
This backdoor adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HotKeysCommands = %User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HotKeysCommands = %User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe
Backdoor Routine
This backdoor opens the following port(s) where it listens for remote commands:
- TCP Port 6969
It connects to any of the following Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers:
- {BLOCKED}as.{BLOCKED}a2011.com
- {BLOCKED}lz.edu
It joins any of the following IRC channel(s):
- #spmx
It executes the following commands from a remote malicious user:
- clean
- update
- removeo
- unsort
- protleave
- adware
- torrent
It connects to the following URL(s) to send and receive commands from a remote malicious user:
- http://{BLOCKED}s.{BLOCKED}roba.jp
Dropping Routine
This backdoor sets the attributes of its dropped file(s) to the following:
- System
- Hidden
- Read Only
NOTES:
It has the following backdoor capabilities:
- Execute and terminate process
- Download files
- Update itself
- Clean remnants of itself
SOLUTION
9.200
Step 1
For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users, before doing any scans, please make sure you disable System Restore to allow full scanning of your computer.
Step 2
Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product and note files detected as BKDR_VB.AZI
Step 3
Restart in Safe Mode
Step 4
Delete this registry value
Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
- HotKeysCommands "%User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe"
- HotKeysCommands "%User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
- HotKeysCommands "%User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe"
- HotKeysCommands "%User Temp%\HKCwin32.exe"
Step 5
Restart in normal mode and scan your computer with your Trend Micro product for files detected as BKDR_VB.AZI. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.
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