This ZEUS/ZBOT variant is found to be distributed via spam campaign in mid-2014. The spammed messages in the said campaign used a certain file storage service.
To get a one-glance comprehensive view of the behavior of this Spyware, refer to the Threat Diagram shown below.
This malware is known as Dyre Banking Trojan, also called as “Dyreza."
This spyware arrives as an attachment to email messages spammed by other malware/grayware or malicious users. It arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
It attempts to steal sensitive online banking information, such as user names and passwords. This routine risks the exposure of the user's account information, which may then lead to the unauthorized use of the stolen data. It attempts to steal information, such as user names and passwords, used when logging into certain banking or finance-related websites.
It connects to certain websites to send and receive information. It deletes the initially executed copy of itself.
Arrival Details
This spyware arrives as an attachment to email messages spammed by other malware/grayware or malicious users.
It arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
Installation
This spyware drops the following copies of itself into the affected system and executes them:
- %Application Data%\googleupdaterr.exe
(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003, or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista and 7.)
It drops the following component file(s):
- %Application Data%\userdata.dat - encrypted configuration file which contains bot id and list of target banks
(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003, or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista and 7.)
It injects itself into the following processes running in the affected system's memory:
- explorer.exe
- chrome.exe
- firefox.exe
- iexplore.exe
It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:
Autostart Technique
This spyware creates the following registry entries to enable automatic execution of dropped component at every system startup:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
GoogleUpdate = "%Application Data%\googleupdaterr.exe"
Information Theft
This spyware attempts to steal sensitive online banking information, such as user names and passwords. This routine risks the exposure of the user's account information, which may then lead to the unauthorized use of the stolen data.
It attempts to steal information from the following banks and/or other financial institutions:
- Bank of America
- Citibank
- NatWest
- The Royal Bank of Scotland
- Ulster Bank
Stolen Information
This spyware sends the gathered information via HTTP POST to the following URL:
- {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.148.6
Other Details
This spyware connects to the following URL(s) to get the affected system's IP address:
It connects to the following website to send and receive information:
- {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.207.151
- {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.6.61
It deletes the initially executed copy of itself
NOTES:
This spyware steals important banking information by injecting malicious codes to bank login webpages with URLs containing any of the following:
- businessaccess.citibank.citigroup.com
- cashproonline.bankofamerica.com
- www.bankline.natwest.com
- www.bankline.rbs.com
- www.bankline.ulsterbank.ie
Some of the important banking information stolen are the following:
- Business Code
- Business Name
- Company ID
- Password
- Token
- User ID
The banking information is sent to the a C&C server after the user clicks on the login or submit button. The webpage then returns to the original bank login page without the malicious codes where users can log in in again normally.
Step 1
Before doing any scans, Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 users must disable System Restore to allow full scanning of their computers.
Step 2
Before doing any scans, Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 users must disable System Restore to allow full scanning of their computers.
Step 3
Restart in Safe Mode
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To restart in Safe Mode:
• For Windows 2000 users
- Restart your computer.
- Press F8 when you see the Starting Windows bar at the bottom of the screen.
- Choose the Safe Mode option from the Windows Advanced Options menu then press Enter.
• For Windows XP users
- Restart your computer.
- Press F8 after the Power-On Self Test (POST) routine is done. If the Windows Advanced Options menu does not appear, try restarting then pressing F8 several times when the POST screen appears.
- Choose the Safe Mode option from the Windows Advanced Options menu then press Enter.
• For Windows Server 2003 users
- Restart your computer.
- Press F8 after Windows starts up. If the Windows Advanced Options menu does not appear, try restarting again and pressing F8 several times afterward.
- On the Windows Advanced Option menu, use the arrow keys to select Safe Mode then press Enter.
• For Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows Server 2008 (R2) users
- Restart your computer.
- Press F8 after the Power-On Self Test (POST) routine is done. If the Advanced Boot Options menu does not appear, try restarting and then pressing F8 several times after the POST screen is displayed.
- On the Advanced Boot Options menu, use the arrow keys to select the Safe Mode option, and then press Enter.
• For Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 (R2) users
- Access the Charms bar by moving your mouse pointer to the upper right corner of the screen.
- Move your mouse pointer down and click Settings>Change your PC Settings.
- In the left panel, click General.
- In the right panel, scroll down to the bottom to find the Advanced startup section, then click the Restart now button and wait for the system to restart.
- In the Advanced Startup menu, click Troubleshoot>Advanced Options>Startup Settings>Restart and wait for the system to restart.
- In the Startup Settings menu, press 4 to enable safe mode.
Step 4
Note that not all files, folders, and registry keys and entries are installed on your computer during this malware's/spyware's/grayware's execution. This may be due to incomplete installation or other operating system conditions. If you do not find the same files/folders/registry information, please proceed to the next step.
Step 5
Delete this registry value
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Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
- GoogleUpdate = "%Application Data%\googleupdaterr.exe"
To delete the registry value this malware created:
- Open Registry Editor. To do this:
» For Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003 users, click Start>Run, type regedit in the text box provided, and then press Enter.
» For Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows Server 2008 (R2) users, click the Start button, type regedit in the Search input field then press Enter.
» For Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 (R2) users, right-click on the lower left corner of the screen, click Run, type regedit in the text box provided, and then press Enter. - In the left panel of the Registry Editor window, double-click the following:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER>Software>Microsoft>Windows>CurrentVersion>Run - In the right panel, locate and delete the entry:
GoogleUpdate = "%Application Data%\googleupdaterr.exe" - Close Registry Editor.
Step 6
Remove malware/grayware files dropped/downloaded by TSPY_BANKER.WSTA. (Note: Please skip this step if the threats listed below have already been removed.)
Step 7
Search and delete these files
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There may be some files that are hidden. Please make sure you check the
Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the "More advanced options" option to include all hidden files and folders in the search result.
- %Application Data%\userdata.dat
To delete malware/grayware files:
For Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003:
- Right-click Start then click Search....
- In the File name* input box, type
- %Application Data%\userdata.dat
- In the Look In drop-down list, select My Computer then press Enter.
- Once located, select the file then press SHIFT+DELETE to delete it.
- Repeat the said steps for all files listed.
*Note: The file name input box title varies depending on the Windows version (e.g. Search for files or folders named or All or part of the file name.).
For Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2003 (R2), Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 (R2):
- Open a Windows Explorer window.
- For Windows Vista, 7, and Server 2008 (R2) users, click Start>Computer.
- For Windows 8, 8.1, and Server 2012 (R2) users, right-click on the lower left corner of the screen, then click File Explorer.
- In the Search Computer/This PC input box, type:
- %Application Data%\userdata.dat
- Once located, select the file then press SHIFT+DELETE to delete it.
- Repeat the said steps for all files listed.
*Note: Read the following Microsoft page if these steps do not work on Windows 7.
Step 8
Search and delete this file
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There may be some files that are hidden. Please make sure you check the
Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the "More advanced options" option to include all hidden files and folders in the search result.
- %User Temp%\xwjfk.exe
- %User Temp%\kurit.exe
To manually delete a malware/grayware file from an affected system:
• For Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003:
- Right-click Start then click Search....
- In the File name* input box, type the following:
- %User Temp%\xwjfk.exe
- %User Temp%\kurit.exe
- In the Look In drop-down list, select My Computer then press Enter.
- Once located, select the file then press SHIFT+DELETE to delete it.
*Note: The file name input box title varies depending on the Windows version (e.g. Search for files or folders named or All or part of the file name.).
• For Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2003 (R2), Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 (R2):
- Open a Windows Explorer window.
- For Windows Vista, 7, and Server 2008 (R2) users, click Start>Computer.
- For Windows 8, 8.1, and Server 2012 (R2) users, right-click on the lower left corner of the screen, then click File Explorer.
- In the Search Computer/This PC input box, type:
- %User Temp%\xwjfk.exe
- %User Temp%\kurit.exe
- Once located, select the file then press SHIFT+DELETE to delete it.
*Note: Read the following Microsoft page if these steps do not work on Windows 7.
Step 9
Restart in normal mode and scan your computer with your Trend Micro product for files detected as TSPY_BANKER.WSTA. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.
Step 10
Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product to delete files detected as TSPY_BANKER.WSTA. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.
Step 11
Search and delete the file detected as TSPY_BANKER.WSTA
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Please make sure you check the
Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the More advanced options option to include all hidden files in the search result.
To manually delete a malware/grayware file from the affected system:
- Right-click Start then click Search....
- In the Named input box, type the name of the file that was detected earlier.
- In the Look In drop-down list, select My Computer then press Enter.
- Once located, select the file then press SHIFT+DELETE to delete it.
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